Gable Roof- Most common residential roof. 2 sloping sides meet to form a ridge.
Hip Roof- Similar to gable roof but with 4 surfaces. Intersecting surfaces are called hips.
Gambrel Roof- Typical "Barn" style roof. Lower level is a steeper pitch while higher level is slightly less. Only on 2 sides.
Mansard Roof- Same as gambrel but lower and upper levels are on all four sides.
Saltbox Roof- A building with a long, pitched roof that slopes down to the back, generally a wooden frame house.
Bay Window- A window space projecting outward from the main walls of a building and forming a bay in a room.
Casement Window- Is a window that is attached to its frame by one or more hinges.
Clapboard Window- also known as bevel siding or lap siding or weatherboard (with regional variants as to the exact definitions of these terms), is the siding of a house consisting of long thin wooden boards that overlap one another horizontally on the outside of the wall.
Dormer Window- a structural element of a building that protrudes from the plane of a sloping roof surface.
Eaves- is the portion of the roof that projects beyond the wall. All houses have eaves.
Fanlight window- is semi-circled and often times found above doors.
Palladian Window- features largely in Palladio's work, almost a trademark in his early career. It consists of a central light with semicircular arch over, carried on an impost consisting of a small entablature, under which, and enclosing two other lights, one on each side, are pilasters.
Pediments- are triangular crowns used to cover over doors, windows, or porches.
Portico- is a large porch with a pedimented roof supported by classical columns or pillars.
Rafters- are the roof beams that slope from the ridge to the wall. In most houses, rafters are only visible from the attic.
Sidelights- are the windows on either side of the door.
Turrets- are small towers, often on the side of a home or building.
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